After getting back from Warsaw, we were treated to having Gangolf Ulbricht as a lecturer on machine made papers. While we had covered the history of paper the year before, this was a more in-depth look into machine made papers and what to keep in mind when modern show up as treatment objects. I took many pages of notes over the course of two days and the class looked at various paper collections to see if we could identify the ingredients by visual and hand-on inspection.
We started by talking about rag papers before moving on to fiber alternatives. Some alternative we covered included: straw, esparto, mechanical wood pulp, chemical wood pulp.
Sizing was also covered, describing the process needed to surface size paper in gelatin and the later discovery of alum and resin sizing which could later be added to the pulp vats.
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